论文部分内容阅读
目的:探讨NICU早产儿颅内出血的影响因素及早期临床表现特征,以便及时诊断、指导治疗和判断预后。方法:2007年9月～2009年1月NICU住院的110例早产儿(胎龄<37周)于生后7天内行头颅B超检查,同时记录其临床表现,并分为颅内出血组和对照组,采用SPSS11.5软件包对结果进行统计分析。结果:共63例早产儿确诊为颅内出血,发生率为57.27%;胎龄<34周早产儿,极低出生体重儿及低出生体重儿颅内出血的发生率与胎龄>34周早产儿、正常出生体重儿之间比较差异均有统计学意义(χ2=7.133,P<0.05;χ2=11.181,P<0.05);存在围产期高危因素的早产儿颅内出血发生率明显增加(χ2=6.277,P<0.05),但Apgar评分不同,早产儿颅内出血发生率差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.211,P>0.05);早产儿颅内出血早期常无症状或者症状不典型,与对照组相比差异无统计学意义(χ2=4.073,P>0.05)。结论:胎龄小、体重低以及存在围产期高危因素的早产儿颅内出血的发生率明显增高,但其临床表现无特异性,Apgar评分异常与颅内出血的发生无显著相关,对所有早产儿常规行头颅B超检查,做到早期诊断,对指导治疗和预后均具有非常重要的意义。
Objective: To explore the influencing factors and characteristics of early clinical manifestations of intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants with NICU in order to timely diagnose, guide the treatment and prognosis. Methods: From September 2007 to January 2009, 110 preterm infants (gestational age <37 weeks) hospitalized by NICU underwent head ultrasound B examination within 7 days after birth. At the same time, their clinical manifestations were recorded and divided into intracranial hemorrhage group and control group Group, using SPSS11.5 software package for statistical analysis of the results. Results: A total of 63 cases of preterm infants were diagnosed as intracranial hemorrhage with a rate of 57.27%. The incidence of intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants <34 weeks of gestational age, very low birth weight infants and low birth weight infants was similar to that of preterm infants with gestational age> 34 weeks, The incidence of intracranial hemorrhage was significantly higher in preterm infants with perinatal high risk (χ2 = 6.233, P <0.05; χ2 = 11.181, P <0.05) , P <0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants with different Apgar scores (χ2 = 3.211, P> 0.05). Early symptoms of intracranial hemorrhage in infants were usually asymptomatic or atypical as compared with those in the control group The difference was not statistically significant (χ2 = 4.073, P> 0.05). Conclusions: The incidence of intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants with small gestational age, low body weight and high perinatal risk factors is significantly increased. However, the clinical manifestations are not specific. The abnormal Apgar score has no significant correlation with the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage. Conventional head skull B-ultrasound, so early diagnosis, to guide the treatment and prognosis are of great significance.