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为了探索温度对康氏粉蚧Pseudococcus comstocki发育和繁殖的影响,经室内实验,建立了康氏粉蚧在17℃,20℃,23℃,26℃,29℃和32℃下的实验种群生命表。结果表明:在17～29℃温度范围内,随着温度的升高康氏粉蚧的世代发育历期缩短,在17℃下雌雄世代的发育历期最长(分别为121.27d和89.64d),而29℃时仅分别为52.10d和36.01d,且其温度与发育速率的关系符合Logistic模型。雌虫世代的发育起点温度为8.69℃,有效积温为1020.90日·度;雄虫世代的发育起点温度为10.27℃,有效积温为659.04日·度。在26℃时,康氏粉蚧的世代存活率最高(81.94%),种群趋势指数(I)也最高(322.27),有利于种群增长;而在17℃和29℃,康氏粉蚧的世代存活率分别为64.85%和67.23%,种群趋势指数(I)分别为69.91和42.19,且32℃时康氏粉蚧1龄若虫生长停滞。说明高温和低温都不利于康氏粉蚧的种群增长,且高温的影响大于低温。
In order to explore the effect of temperature on the development and reproduction of Pseudococcus comstocki, the laboratory population life table of 17 strains of Cercospora mesonii at 17 ℃, 20 ℃, 23 ℃, 26 ℃, 29 ℃ and 32 ℃ . The results showed that in the temperature range of 17 ~ 29 ℃, the developmental age of K. merkii shortened with increasing temperature, and the longest development duration of male and female was at 17 ℃ (121.27d and 89.64d, respectively) , But only 52.10d and 36.01d respectively at 29 ℃. The relationship between temperature and developmental rate accorded with Logistic model. The developmental starting temperature of females was 8.69 ℃ and the effective accumulated temperature was 1020.90 ℃. The onset temperature of male offspring was 10.27 ℃, and the effective accumulated temperature was 659.04 ℃. At 26 ℃, the highest survival rate (81.94%) and the highest population trend index (322.27) were observed in the second generation of Myzus persicae in favor of population growth. However, at 17 ℃ and 29 ℃, The survival rates were 64.85% and 67.23% respectively, and the population trend indices (I) were 69.91 and 42.19, respectively. The growth of 1st instar nymphs of K. falciparum stagnated at 32 ℃. It shows that high temperature and low temperature are not conducive to population growth of Cornish mealybugs, and the effect of high temperature is more than low temperature.