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目的了解东海县手足口病流行病学特点,为制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对2014年东海县传染病报告信息管理系统的手足口病疫情资料进行分析。结果 2014年全县共报告手足口病病例661例,发病率为54.99/10万;男女发病性别比为1.46∶1,男性62.69/10万,女性46.65/10万,发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=14.035,P<0.01)。病例主要集中在3—6月,占70.65%,有明显的季节性。全县19个乡镇均有病例发生;发病年龄最小的1个月、最大的12岁,3岁及以下幼儿占病例总数的92.74%。实验室确诊39例,以感染肠道病毒71型为主,占82.05%。结论 2014年东海县手足口病发病以婴幼儿为主,应强化疫情监测和宣传教育力度,加强病原学检测,防止其爆发流行。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Donghai County and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic data of HFMD in the infectious disease reporting information management system of Donghai County in 2014. Results A total of 661 HFMD cases were reported in the county in 2014, with an incidence rate of 54.99 per 100 000. The sex ratio of men and women was 1.46:1, with 62.69 per 100 000 males and 46.65 females per 100 000 females. There was significant difference in the incidence rates (χ2 = 14.035, P <0.01). The cases mainly concentrated in March-June, accounting for 70.65%, with obvious seasonal. The 19 villages and towns in the county have cases; the youngest one month, the largest 12-year-old, children aged 3 and below accounted for 92.74% of the total number of cases. 39 cases were diagnosed in laboratory, with infection of enterovirus 71, accounting for 82.05%. Conclusion The occurrence of HFMD in Donghai County in 2014 is mainly infants and young children. It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring and publicity and education of epidemic situation and strengthen the etiological detection to prevent its outbreak.