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(一) 引言羟基酸作为螯合剂有很多实际应用,菲林溶液(Fehling Solution)中由于酒石酸根的作用。使铜离子在碱性溶液内不发生氢氧化铜沉淀,在电镀某些金属的电解液中用羟基酸作添加剂,能改进镀层品质,并提高电流效率。对羟基酸与各种金属离子形成络合物的组成与结构,过去发表文献很多,其中关于酒石酸与铜离子的络合是长期以来研究的问题,但到目前为止,还没有完全清楚。主要有两种理论:一种认为酒石酸根离子对氧氧化铜有胶溶作用(Peptization),菲林溶液是氢氧化铜在酒石酸根离子胶溶作用下高度分散所形战的胶体溶液。另一种理论,也是
(A) Introduction Hydroxy acids as chelating agents have many practical applications, the role of tartrate in Fehling Solution. So that copper ions in alkaline solution does not occur in the precipitation of copper hydroxide, in the plating of some metals in the electrolyte with hydroxy acids as additives, can improve the quality of the coating and improve the current efficiency. The composition and structure of the complexes of hydroxy acids and various metal ions have been published in the past. Among them, the complexation of tartaric acid with copper ions has been a long-standing issue, but so far it has not been fully understood. There are two main theories: one is that tartrate ions are peptizing to copper oxyhydroxide, and the film solution is a colloidal solution in which copper hydroxide is highly dispersed in the tartrate-ion peptizing solution. Another theory, too