论文部分内容阅读
地下水活动是岩溶塌陷产生的基本条件之一 ,大气降雨、人工开采和灌溉渠道渗漏是影响地下水动态变化的主要因素。地下水位频繁的升降一是改变了上覆土体的状态和强度 ,促进土体崩落 ;二是引起地下岩溶及土洞空腔内的正负压力交替变化 ,使周围岩土体失稳 ,而导致塌陷。地下水位波动频度愈高 ,地面塌陷愈易产生 ;在地下水强径流带 ,塌陷分布较为密集。人为抽取地下水改变了地下水天然流场 ,形成水位下降漏斗及强径流带 ,并使水动力条件突变 ,诱发塌陷 ;地下水开采强度愈大 ,塌陷数量愈多。
Groundwater activity is one of the basic conditions for karst collapse. Atmospheric rainfall, artificial mining and leakage of irrigation channels are the main factors affecting the dynamic change of groundwater. First, frequent changes in the groundwater level change the state and strength of the soil, and promote soil avalanche; the second is caused by underground karst and cave cavity of the positive and negative pressure alternating changes in the surrounding rock and soil instability, resulting in Collapse. The higher the frequency of groundwater level fluctuations, the easier it is for the ground subsidence to occur. In the strong groundwater runoff zone, the subsidence is more intensive. Artificial extraction of groundwater has changed the natural groundwater flow to form a water level reduction funnel and strong runoff zone, and sudden changes in hydrodynamic conditions, induced collapse; the greater the exploitation of groundwater, the more the number of collapses.