哪些东西是只能通过小说而不可以通过别的任何方式来表达的呢?这是赫尔曼·布罗赫的深刻发问。可以具体地通过一长串如此众多和分布广泛的小说家的列举,来给歌德的“世界文学”的设想赋予新的、更宽泛的,乃至于更文学意义上的答复。如果说根据罗杰·盖洛瓦的看法,小说在19世纪上半叶属于欧洲,下半叶属于 What can only be expressed by novels in any other way? This is a profound question by Herman Broch. Specifically, Goethe’s vision of “world literature ” can be given a new, broader and even more literary response through the enumeration of so many and widely distributed novelists. If, according to Roger Galloway, the novel belongs to Europe in the first half of the 19th century and to the