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小麦白粉病是由布氏禾白粉菌(Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici)引起,在小麦生产上发生最广泛的世界性病害之一。普通小麦品种农大399(系谱为Torino/2*2552//9516/3/5*石4185)是利用“滚动式加代回交转育”育成的高产、抗白粉病新品种。利用农大399和高感白粉病小麦品种石4185进行杂交,获得农大399/石4185的F1、F2分离群体和F2:3家系。对F1、F2分离群体和F2:3家系进行了苗期抗白粉病鉴定和遗传分析,结果表明:农大399对白粉菌生理小种E09的抗性受l对显性基因控制,暂命名为MlND399。通过BSA和分子标记分析,获得了与MlND399连锁的1个SSR标记Xcfd81和2个AFLP-SCAR标记SCAR203和SCAR112。其中MlND399与Xcfd81的遗传距离为0.2 cM,与SCAR203的遗传距离为1.0 cM,与SCAR112的遗传距离为1.2 cM。根据SSR标记在中国春缺体-四体、双端体和缺失系中的定位结果,将MlND399定位在小麦染色体臂5DSBin 0.67～0.78区间上。根据对抗白粉病基因的染色体定位结果,推测MlND399是Pm2基因。这些与MlND399连锁分子标记为利用农大399的抗白粉病基因进行抗病基因聚合和分子标记辅助选择育种奠定了基础。
Wheat powdery mildew is one of the most widespread worldwide diseases caused by Blumeria graminis f. Sp. Tritici in wheat production. The common wheat cultivar Nongda 399 (pedigree Torino / 2 * 2552 // 9516/3/5 * Shi 4185) is a new high-yielding powdery mildew resistant cultivar developed by using “rolling plus substitution backcross”. The F1 and F2 segregation populations and F2: 3 pedigree lines of Nongda 399 / Shi 4185 were obtained from the hybridization between Nongda 399 and susceptible wheat cultivar Shi 4185. The results showed that the resistance of Nongda 399 to the powdery mildew E09 was controlled by dominant gene and temporarily named as MlND399 . One SSR marker Xcfd81 linked to MlND399 and two AFLP-SCAR markers SCAR203 and SCAR112 were obtained by BSA and molecular marker analysis. The genetic distance between MlND399 and Xcfd81 was 0.2 cM, the genetic distance to SCAR203 was 1.0 cM, and the genetic distance to SCAR112 was 1.2 cM. According to the mapping results of SSR markers in Chinese spring islets - tetrasosomes, diploids and deletions, MlND399 was mapped on the wheat chromosome arms 5DSBin 0.67 ~ 0.78. According to the chromosomal location of the powdery mildew resistance gene, it is speculated that MlND399 is a Pm2 gene. These molecular markers linked to MlND399 laid the foundation for the use of Nongda 399 powdery mildew resistance genes for resistance gene polymerization and molecular marker-assisted selection breeding.