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一、国内外诱变育种的成就国外诱变育种工作是从1927年开始,首先瑞典科学家穆勒(Muller)用X射线辐照果蝇,发现有诱变作用。1928年斯塔德勒(Stadler)发现X射线对玉米和大麦有诱变效果。1930年尼尔逊爱尔(Nillsson-Ehle)和古斯塔夫逊(Gus-tafsson)辐照大麦,获得了直立穗型突变体。直至1934年印度尼西亚学者托尔玛(Tollmar)利用X射线辐照烟草,育成了世界上第一个烟草品种“Chlorina”F_1。此后,辐射育种工作进展缓慢。直至60年代,育成品种日益增多,引起普遍重视。据最近统计,国外用诱变方法育成的品种,至1979年已达203个。其中有许
First, the achievements of mutagenic breeding at home and abroad Foreign mutagenesis breeding work is from 1927 onwards, the first Swedish scientist Muller X-ray irradiation of fruit flies found mutagenic effect. In 1928 Stadler found that X-rays had a mutagenic effect on corn and barley. Erect panicle mutants were obtained by irradiating barley with Nillsson-Ehle and Gus-tafsson in 1930. Until 1934, Tollmar, an Indonesian scholar, used X-rays to irradiate tobacco and developed “Chlorina” F_1, the first tobacco variety in the world. Since then, the progress of radiation breeding has been slow. Until the 1960s, bred varieties were increasing, causing widespread attention. According to recent statistics, varieties bred abroad by mutagenesis methods reached 203 in 1979. There is a promise