医古文语法包括词法和句法两部分。它研究的对象是词、词素、词组、句子这四种语法单位。古今汉语都是以词序、层次与虚词作为主要语法手段的,其语法规则有不少是相同的,因此,汉语语法构造具有相对稳定性。然而,随着时间的推移,语法构造当然也发生变化,古今汉语在语音、训汇和句法方面的差异就很大。如,古汉语附加成分较短,而现代汉语较长;古汉语省略句子成分居多,而现代汉语较少;词类活用现象,古汉语比现代汉语多得多;古汉语比现代汉语的词序倒置现象尤为突出。这里,要论述的医古文语法,偏重于古 Ancient medical grammar includes two parts: lexical and syntactic. Its object of study is the four grammatical units of words, morphemes, phrases and sentences. Both ancient and modern Chinese are based on the order of words, levels and function words as the main grammatical means, and many of their grammatical rules are the same. Therefore, Chinese grammatical construction is relatively stable. However, with the passage of time, grammatical structures have of course also changed. Ancient and modern Chinese have great differences in pronunciation, training and syntactic. For example, the ancient Chinese has a shorter appendage and a longer length of modern Chinese; while the ancient Chinese omits the majority of the sentences, while the modern Chinese is less; the phenomenon of the use of words is more ancient than the modern Chinese; the order of the word order of the ancient Chinese is less than that of the modern Chinese Particularly prominent. Here, to discuss the ancient grammar grammar, emphasis on the ancient