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本文鉴于市场上同一行业内部囚徒困境博弈的广泛存在,采用博弈论的分析工具来剖析同一行业内的企业行为,主要关注企业背叛行为并证明了几个命题。首先,在一个简单的静态局部均衡模型中证明企业在不确定市场环境中往往采用价格战这样的恶性竞争方式;其次,本文分析了两企业博弈,利用囚徒困境博弈派生出来的超博弈模型证明了企业之间背叛行为将作为纳什均衡存在,其中强调了折现因子和博弈轮数的作用;最后,从企业群的视角切入,借用演化博弈理论进一步论证了以上企业间背叛行为之演化稳定性。
In view of the widespread existence of the prisoner’s dilemma game within the same industry, this paper uses game theory analysis tools to analyze corporate behavior in the same industry, focusing on corporate betrayal and proving several propositions. First of all, in a simple static partial equilibrium model, it is proved that companies often adopt the vicious competition model such as price war in the uncertain market environment. Second, this paper analyzes the game between two companies and proves the use of prisoner’s dilemma game to prove the existence of a super game model. The betrayal between companies will exist as a Nash equilibrium, which emphasizes the role of discount factors and game rounds. Finally, from the perspective of the group of companies, the evolutionary game theory is used to further demonstrate the evolutionary stability of the betrayal between the above companies.