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卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎(PCP)是免疫力低下人群发病和死亡的主因,艾滋病的流行标志着PCP开始对大量病人产生影响。另外,PCP对免疫受损的器官移植病人和恶性肿瘤化疗病人也具有临床意义。最近已证实,轻度免疫受损的人群如慢性肺病患者中存在肺孢子虫感染,而病人体内感染肺孢子虫的数量似与其免疫受损的程度有关。
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised populations, and the AIDS epidemic marks the beginning of an impact of PCP on a large number of patients. In addition, PCP is also clinically significant for patients with compromised organ transplantations and chemotherapy for malignant tumors. Recently, it has been demonstrated that there is a Pneumocystis infection in a population of mildly immunocompromised individuals, such as patients with chronic lung disease, and that the amount of Pneumocystis in the patient’s body appears to be related to the extent of their immune compromise.