一、能源能源在国民经济中具有特别重要的战略地位。我国目前能源供需矛盾尖锐,结构不合理;能源利用效率低;一次能源消费以煤为主,化石能的大量消费造成严重的环境污染。今后15年,满足持续快速增长的能源需求和能源的清洁高效利用,对能源科技发展提出重大挑战。1.能源领域总的 First, energy and energy have a particularly important strategic position in the national economy. At present, the contradiction between supply and demand of energy in our country is sharp and the structure is irrational; the energy utilization efficiency is low; the primary energy consumption is mainly coal, and the massive consumption of fossil energy causes serious environmental pollution. In the next 15 years, meeting the energy demand for sustained and rapid growth and the clean and efficient use of energy will pose major challenges to the development of energy technology. 1. The energy sector in general