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目的观察健康婴儿在不同喂养方式下肠道菌群的定植过程及其在食物过敏时的变化,分析肠道菌群形成与婴幼儿食物过敏的相互关系及母乳喂养的意义。方法采用荧光定量PCR技术测定细菌16SrRNA,对健康无过敏症131例(其中母乳喂养71例,人工喂养60例)及100例过敏症婴儿粪便中乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌和大肠杆菌进行定量检测。结果婴儿肠道菌群处于动态定植过程。母乳喂养婴儿肠道乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌数量较人工喂养婴儿高(P<0.05),而大肠杆菌数量较人工喂养婴儿低(P<0.05)。食物过敏婴幼儿肠道乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌数量较健康婴幼儿低(P<0.05),而大肠杆菌数量较健康婴幼儿高(P<0.05)。结论婴儿期肠道菌群处于动态演替过程。不同的喂养方式对肠道菌群有影响,过敏性疾病婴儿肠道菌群与健康婴幼儿不同,应大力提倡母乳喂养。
Objective To observe the colonization process of intestinal flora and its changes in food allergy of healthy infants under different feeding modes and to analyze the correlation between intestinal flora formation and food allergy in infants and young children and the significance of breastfeeding. Methods The 16SrRNA of bacteria was determined by real-time quantitative PCR. 131 cases of healthy non-allergy (including 71 cases of breast-feeding, 60 cases of artificial feeding) and 100 cases of allergic infant stool lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Escherichia coli were detected quantitatively. Results The infant intestinal flora was dynamically colonized. The number of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria in breastfeeding infants was higher than that in artificial feeding infants (P <0.05), while the number of E. coli in infants was lower than that in artificial feeding infants (P <0.05). The number of intestinal lactobacilli and bifidobacteria in infants and young children with food allergy was lower than that in healthy infants (P <0.05), while the number of Escherichia coli was higher than healthy infants (P <0.05). Conclusion The intestinal flora in infancy is in dynamic succession. Different feeding methods have an impact on the intestinal flora, allergic diseases in infants intestinal flora and healthy infants and young children should be vigorously promote breastfeeding.