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目的了解广东省深圳市龙岗区腹泻患者中产毒性大肠埃希菌(ETEC)的流行状况及菌株的分子特征。方法对2010-2015年来自深圳市龙岗区散发腹泻病例的1204份粪便标本进行ETEC分离培养、生化、血清分群及PCR毒力基因(est Ia、est Ib、elt)鉴定,并采用脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)技术对阳性菌株进行分子分型。结果腹泻人群中ETEC的阳性率为5.8%;年龄分布上检出率差异有统计学意义,以19~25岁成年人感染多见;季节分布上检出率差异无统计学意义。70株ETEC共检出14种血清型,以O159和O148多见,分别占25.7%和18.6%;携带毒力基因以est Ib为主,占65.7%。PFGE共分为60个型别,共存在10个克隆群组,C、G为地区内的优势克隆株。结论 2010-2015年深圳市龙岗区腹泻患者中ETEC的检出率较稳定,流行具有年龄分布特征,感染呈高度散发状态,但存在优势克隆菌株的感染流行。
Objective To investigate the prevalence and molecular characteristics of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) in diarrhea patients in Longgang District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province. Methods A total of 1204 stool specimens from diarrhea cases in Longgang District of Shenzhen City from 2010 to 2015 were isolated, cultured, biochemically and serogroups were identified, and PCR virulence genes (est Ia, est Ib, elt) were identified. Pulsed field gel Positive strains were molecularly typed by electrophoresis (PFGE). Results The positive rate of ETEC in the diarrhea population was 5.8%. The detection rate of age distribution was statistically significant. Most of the adults aged 19-25 years were infected. There was no significant difference in the detection rate of seasonal distribution. A total of 14 serotypes were detected in 70 ETECs, which were more common in O159 and O148, accounting for 25.7% and 18.6% respectively. The major virulence genes were est 1b, accounting for 65.7%. PFGE is divided into 60 types, a total of 10 clonal groups, C, G is the dominant clone in the region. Conclusion The detection rate of ETEC in patients with diarrhea in Longgang District of Shenzhen City during 2010-2015 is relatively stable. The epidemic has the characteristics of age distribution. The infection is highly exuded, but there is prevalence of infection by dominant clonal strains.