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目的根据企业管理人员在企业发展中的特殊地位和可能存在的压力及其影响因素确定其工作压力源,并对不同个人背景的工作压力源进行比较,找出其差异特征。方法使用自编企业管理人员工作压力量表对天津市内8个企业的146名高层、中层和基层管理者进行测试。结果①企业管理人员工作压力量表包含3个维度:工作负荷、职场氛围、职场人际关系,该量表信效度良好,符合心理测量学的要求。②单因素分析表明,企业管理人员在年龄、不同年龄段的工作年限、学历、单位性质的人口统计学变量上存在着不同的差异。③多元回归分析表明,单位性质、工作年限、年龄、学历4个变量,对企业管理人员工作压力各维度及总体压力有不同程度的影响。结论企业管理人员的工作压力主要来源于工作负荷量、职场氛围、人际关系的困扰;在不同单位性质、工作年限等个人背景上,其工作压力存在着差异;单位性质、工作年限、年龄、学历是影响企业管理人员工作压力的主要影响因素。
Objective According to the special status of enterprise managers in the development of enterprises and possible pressures and their influencing factors to determine the source of their work stress, and work pressure sources with different personal backgrounds to compare and find out the differences between the characteristics. Methods A self-made questionnaire was used to test 146 senior, middle and grassroots managers in 8 enterprises in Tianjin. Results ① The scale of job stress in business managers contains three dimensions: workload, workplace atmosphere, workplace interpersonal relationships, the scale reliability and validity, in line with the requirements of psychometric. ② The univariate analysis showed that there are different differences in the demographic variables of enterprise managers in terms of age, working life, academic qualifications and unit nature of enterprises. ③ Multiple regression analysis showed that the four variables of the nature of units, working years, age, and academic qualifications had varying degrees of impact on the dimensions of job stress and overall stress of the business managers. Conclusion The working pressure of enterprise managers mainly comes from workload, workplace atmosphere and interpersonal distress. There are differences in working pressure on the personal background such as the nature of different units, working years and so on. The nature of work unit, working age, age, education level Is the main influencing factor of the work pressure of enterprise managers.