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“中国向何处去?”是中国近现代的中心问题。围绕这一问题,马克思主义哲学的传播、新儒家思潮的产生和发展,以及实证主义的演变,构成了中国现代哲学史的三条干线。它们之间的矛盾斗争,反映了中国现代社会发展道路的不同选择方向。本文以此为线索,在总结中国现代哲学基本精神的基础上,论述了三种思潮之间的思想异同,并由此阐明由于理论上的诘难,实证主义“西化派”和新儒家都不可能解决“中国向何处去”的问题。文章最后指出,只有马克思主义在中国现代哲学基本精神的基础上科学地回答了这一问题,故而,马克思主义成为中国人民的唯一选择。
“Where does China go?” Is a central issue in modern China. Around this issue, the spread of Marxist philosophy, the emergence and development of Neo-Confucianism and the evolution of positivism constitute the three main lines of the history of Chinese modern philosophy. The contradictory struggles between them reflect different choices in the direction of the development of China's modern society. On the basis of summing up the basic spirit of Chinese modern philosophy, this essay expounds the similarities and differences between the three kinds of thoughts, and thus illustrates that it is impossible for the positivist “Westernization School” and Neo-Confucianism Solve the “China where to go” issue. Finally, the article points out that only Marxism has scientifically answered this question on the basis of the basic spirit of Chinese modern philosophy. Therefore, Marxism has become the sole choice of the Chinese people.