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目的了解丽水市区6月龄以下婴儿喂养情况及相关因素,为提高母乳喂养率提供参考。方法自制调查问卷,对儿保科门诊6个月以下婴儿进行调查,就婴儿喂养、母亲情况及影响母乳喂养的相关因素进行分析。结果调查675名婴儿,纯母乳喂养率为40.89%,部分母乳喂养率为39.11%,配方奶喂养占20.00%;不同月龄婴儿的喂养方式存在不同;单因素分析显示喂养方式与母亲文化程度、家庭月收入、母亲有无产科并发症、分娩方式、新生儿是否入住新生儿监护室、是否早开奶、母亲是否接受健康教育、出生胎龄等因素有关(P均<0.05);经Logistic回归分析显示,家庭月收入、分娩方式、新生儿是否入住新生儿监护室、是否早开奶、母亲是否接受健康教育5个因素有关。配方奶喂养比母乳喂养肥胖发生率更高。结论加强健康教育、早开奶、降低剖宫产率、良好的环境及家庭氛围、在新生儿因疾病住院期间保持泌乳是提高母乳喂养率的有效措施。
Objective To understand the feeding status of infants under 6 months of age in Lishui city and related factors, and to provide reference for raising breastfeeding rate. Methods Self-made questionnaires were used to investigate infants under 6 months old in pediatrics clinic, and to analyze infant feeding, mothers and related factors that affect breastfeeding. Results A total of 675 infants were investigated. The rate of exclusive breastfeeding was 40.89%, the rate of partial breast feeding was 39.11%, and that of formula feeding was 20.00%. The way of feeding was different among infants of different ages. The univariate analysis showed that the mode of feeding, Family monthly income, maternal obstetric complications, mode of delivery, whether the newborn was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit, whether it was started early, whether the mother received health education, gestational age and other factors (all P <0.05); Logistic regression Analysis shows that family monthly income, mode of delivery, whether newborns live in neonatal intensive care unit, whether the early morning milk, the mother is accepted health education five factors. The incidence of formula feeding is higher than that of breastfeeding. Conclusion Strengthening health education, getting early milk, reducing cesarean section rate, good environment and family atmosphere, and keeping lactation during neonatal hospitalization due to illness are effective measures to improve breastfeeding rate.