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目的分析影响糖尿病患者血糖控制效果的因素,为糖尿病患者的生活方式指导提供依据。方法采用简单随机抽样方法抽取鄞州区7个乡镇,采用入户随访的方式收集9 225例在管糖尿病患者的生活方式相关资料,对不同人群之间的差异进行比较,分析血糖控制的影响因素。结果 9 225名在管糖尿病患者中,现在吸烟率为13.15%,现在饮酒率为15.07%,过量饮酒率为9.25%,主动锻炼率为55.52%,经常锻炼率为49.86%,空腹血糖控制率为62.68%;男性患者现在吸烟率(30.95%)、现在饮酒率(34.04%)及过量饮酒率(21.35%)均高于女性的0.39%、1.47%和0.58%(P<0.01);老年组患者现在吸烟率(10.07%)、现在饮酒率(13.52%)和过量饮酒率(8.03%)均低于青年组的19.55%、15.84%和9.41%及中年组18.38%、18.01%和11.61%(P<0.01);青年组主动锻炼率(41.09%)和经常锻炼率(37.62%)均低于中年组的55.18%和50.47%及老年组的56.67%和50.40%(P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果提示,空腹血糖控制的危险因素为男性(OR=1.116,95%CI:1.004~1.241)、吸烟(OR=0.830,95%CI:0.712~0.967)和饮酒(OR=0.858,95%CI:0.743~0.992)。结论鄞州区糖尿病患者随访管理取得了一定成效,建议对在管患者吸烟及饮酒等不良生活方式进行重点干预。
Objective To analyze the factors influencing the blood sugar control in diabetic patients and provide the basis for the lifestyle guidance of diabetic patients. Methods Seven townships and townships in Yinzhou District were sampled by simple random sampling method. Ninety-two 225 lifestyle-related data of patients with diabetes mellitus were collected. The differences among different groups were compared and the influencing factors of glycemic control were analyzed. Results Among 9 225 diabetic patients, the current smoking rate was 13.15%, the current drinking rate was 15.07%, the excessive drinking rate was 9.25%, the active training rate was 55.52%, the regular exercise rate was 49.86%, the fasting blood glucose control rate was 62.68%. The male smoking rate (30.95%), the current drinking rate (34.04%) and the excess alcohol drinking rate (21.35%) were higher than those of women’s 0.39%, 1.47% and 0.58% (P <0.01) The prevalence of smoking (10.07%), alcohol consumption now (13.52%) and excess alcohol consumption (8.03%) were lower than those of the youth group by 19.55%, 15.84% and 9.41%, 18.38%, 18.01% and 11.61% P <0.01). Active training rate (41.09%) and regular exercise rate (37.62%) in young group were lower than 55.18% and 50.47% in middle-aged group and 56.67% and 50.40% in elderly group (P <0.01), respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for fasting blood glucose control were men (OR = 1.116, 95% CI: 1.004-1.241), smoking (OR = 0.830, 95% CI 0.712-0.967) and alcohol consumption , 95% CI: 0.743 ~ 0.992). Conclusion The follow-up management of patients with diabetes in Yinzhou District has achieved some success. It is suggested that key interventions should be made on unhealthy lifestyle such as smoking and alcohol consumption in patients with tuberculosis.