论文部分内容阅读
“殖民地遗产”印度的《官方秘密法》产生于特殊的时代背景中。1918年一战结束,英国通过瓜分战败的同盟国殖民地,将其领土扩展到最大,但其海外统治能力却在下降。1919年4月13日,英国殖民者在印度制造了震惊世界的阿姆利则血案。根据英国官方认可的数字,集会群众死379人,伤1200人。这一事件成为甘地领导第一次非暴力不合作运动(1920至1922年)的直接原因之一。1921年,英军驻印总参谋长克劳德·雅可布在一份文件中阐述了出台《官方秘密法》的理由:面对苏联对阿富汗、日本对缅甸(当时属于英属印度)的渗透,以及一战时老对手活跃的间谍行动,“现行法律不足以应对这种危险局面”。
“Colonial Heritage ” India's “Official Secrets Act” was born in a special context of the times. After World War I ended in 1918, Britain expanded its territory to the maximum by carving out the defeated Allied colony, but its ability to rule overseas was declining. On April 13, 1919, British colonialists in India made the Amritsar bloodshed that shocked the world. According to figures officially approved by the United Kingdom, 379 people were killed and 1,200 were injured in the rally. This incident was one of the direct causes of Gandhi's leadership of the first nonviolent non-cooperation movement (1920-1922). In 1921, Claude Jacobs, chief of staff of the British Forces in India, set out in a document the rationale for the introduction of the Official Secrets Act: in the face of the Soviet Union's opposition to Afghanistan, Japan to Burma (then British India) Infiltration, and active spies during the first world war, “” the current law is not enough to deal with this dangerous situation. "