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第一,政企分开,两权分离。芬兰政府从70年代初便退出了对国有企业经营的参与,实行政府的社会行政管理职能和企业经营职能分开,实行国家所有权和企业经营权的分离。 第二,面向市场,自主经营。芬兰国有企业在经营上与私人企业没有什么不同,国家对其无指令性计划,它们是真正的自主经营、自负盈亏、自我发展和自我约束的商品生产者和经营者。在国家的宏观调控下,从各自的经济利益出发,按照市场供求关系自主经营和决策,开展公平的市场竞争,实现资源的优化配置,以达到企业追求最大利润的目的。
First, the separation of government and enterprises, separation of powers. The Finnish government has withdrawn from the participation of state-owned enterprises since the early 1970s. The government’s social administrative management functions are separated from the operating functions of the enterprises, and the separation of state ownership and the right to operate the business is implemented. Second, market-oriented, self-management. Finland’s state-owned enterprises are no different from private companies in their operations. The state has no directive plans for them. They are truly independent producers, producers and operators of self-financing, self-financing, self-development and self-restraint. Under the country’s macro-control, starting from their respective economic interests, they will operate and make decisions in accordance with market supply and demand, carry out fair market competition, and optimize the allocation of resources so as to achieve the goal of pursuing maximum profits.