马克思主义哲学与科学社会主义实践存在着双向互动的内在联系。在新的世纪特别需要“返本开新”。“返本”主要是坚持和深化对马克思创立的唯物史观的研究 ,“创新”在中国主要是服务好社会主义现代化这一主题。苏联模式的不成功和中国改革开放的成就 ,从两个不同方面说明了这个道理。要创造性地用唯物史观为指导 ,深刻认识社会主义现代化的历史必然性 ,全面正确地认识和实践社会主义现代化 ,并解决好中国现代化的跨越式发展 Marxist philosophy and scientific socialism practice there is a two-way interaction of the internal relations. In the new century, it is especially necessary to “return capital to new things.” The “returning capital” is mainly to insist on and deepen the study of historical materialism founded by Marx. “Innovation” in China is mainly the theme of serving the socialist modernization. The unsuccessful Soviet model and the achievements of China’s reform and opening up illustrate this truth from two different perspectives. We should creatively use historical materialism as a guide, profoundly understand the historical inevitability of socialist modernization, fully and correctly understand and practice socialist modernization, and solve the great-leap-forward development of China’s modernization