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语言形式的使用实态需要在历时动态和共时动态的研究中得到充分的把握和解释。(1)日语セズニイル·セズニアル被以往的静态研究所忽视的共时特征可以从历时动态的考察中得到解释。(2)调查显示,日语セズニイル主语主要限于有生体,セズニアル在使用上也受限制。两种限制性质相同,可以在共时动态的研究框架中作出统一的说明:它们都是在使用上受制于经济性和明晰性的语用原则。个别人偏爱使用这两个形式表示无生命的否定的状态,这是以牺牲经济原则和明晰原则为代价,受表达力原则驱使而出现的结果。
The actual use of language form needs to be fully grasped and explained in the dynamic and synchronic dynamic studies. (1) The synchronic characteristics ignored by the past Japanese static research can be explained from the diachronic dynamics. (2) According to the survey, the subject of Japanese セ ズ イ イ ル is mainly limited to living organisms, and the use of セ ズ ni ア al is limited. The two restrictions are of the same nature and give a uniform account of the dynamics of synchronic dynamics: they are all pragmatic principles that are subject to economic and clarity use. The preference of both individuals to use both forms of inanimate negation is the result of the expression of power driven by the sacrifice of economic principles and clear principles.