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目的分析胎膜早破相关因素及其分娩方式和分娩结局。方法回顾性分析220例胎膜早破孕妇(观察组)和219例无胎膜早破孕妇(对照组)的临床资料。结果与对照组比较,观察组有人工流产史病例多(30.6%vs.58.2%)、婚前检查少(50.0%vs.20.0%),孕期保健少(80.4%vs.23.2%),体重指数异常(20.6%vs.42.7%)、经济收入低(26.5%vs.69.1%)、文化程度低(23.2%vs.65.0%)、有烟酒史者多(18.3%vs.39.6%)(P<0.01)。观察组剖宫产率高于对照组(58.2%vs.43.8%)(P<0.01)。观察组产妇产褥病率和新生儿并发症发生率均较对照组高(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论胎膜早破与人工流产史、婚前检查和孕期保健少等许多因素有关,增加剖宫产率和围生期并发症。
Objective To analyze the related factors of premature rupture of membranes and its delivery mode and delivery outcome. Methods The clinical data of 220 cases of premature rupture of membranes (observation group) and 219 cases of non-premature rupture of membranes (control group) were retrospectively analyzed. Results Compared with the control group, the observation group had more cases of induced abortion (30.6% vs.58.2%), less premarital examination (50.0% vs.20.0%), less health during pregnancy (80.4% vs.23.2%), abnormal body mass index (20.6% vs.42.7%), low income (26.5% vs.69.1%), low education (23.2% vs.65.0%), alcohol and tobacco (18.3% vs.39.6%, P < 0.01). Cesarean section rate in observation group was higher than that in control group (58.2% vs.43.8%) (P <0.01). The incidence of puerperal morbidity and neonatal complications in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.01 or P <0.05). Conclusion Premature rupture of membranes and abortion history, premarital examination and less health care during pregnancy and many other factors related to increased cesarean section rate and perinatal complications.