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目的调查青少年健康锻炼状况,为检验行动计划在行为意向与锻炼行为间的作用机制提供研究数据。方法采用分层整群抽样法,选取长沙市2所中学初一到高三共6个年级14个班级中的706名学生为研究对象,对其锻炼行为意向、行动计划及锻炼活动等变量进行测量。结果调查对象中规律性锻炼者仅近30%,锻炼行为存在性别及年级差异,规律锻炼的报告率男生高于女生(χ2=40.83,P<0.01),低年级学生高于高年级(χ2=39.57,P<0.01);对行为意向、行动计划及锻炼行为间的回归分析显示,行动计划是行为意向转化为锻炼行为过程中的不完全中介变量(Z=8.82,P<0.01)。结论行动计划是青少年行为意向与锻炼行为间的中介变量。基于行为意向增强及行动计划制定的综合干预有助于规律性锻炼行为方式的养成。
Objective To investigate the status of adolescent physical activity and provide the research data for testing the mechanism of action plan between behavioral intention and exercise. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 706 students from 14 classes in 6 grades from 6 grades in 2 middle schools of Changsha City for the study. The variables of their intention, action plan and exercise activities were measured . Results There were only about 30% regular exercisers in the surveyed subjects. There were gender differences and grade differences in exercise behaviors among boys and girls (χ2 = 40.83, P <0.01), while those in lower grades were higher than those in upper grades (χ2 = 39.57, P <0.01). The regression analysis of behavioral intention, action plan and exercise behavior showed that the action plan was an incomplete mediator of behavioral intention into exercise behavior (Z = 8.82, P <0.01). Conclusion The action plan is an intermediary variable between adolescent behavioral intention and exercise. The comprehensive intervention based on the enhancement of behavioral intention and the formulation of action plan helps to develop regular exercise behaviors.