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在马克思主义经典著作中,我们看到有关于社会主义国家是“半国家”的命题。这是对社会主义国家本质问题的精辟概括和形象表达,其中包含着非常深刻、非常丰富的科学内容。然而,究竟什么是“半国家”,马克思主义经典作家的这一科学论断,对于社会主义建设实践,到底有什么指导意义,并不是所有学社会科学的人都十分清楚的。我们建设社会主义国家,至今已是四十余年了。但是,对于什么是社会主义国家,它的本质和职能是什么,它不同于一般剥削阶级类型国家的特点和优点是什么等问题,我们都还没有搞得很清楚。这种情况不能不说在理论上,同尚未弄懂什么是“半国家”有关。
In the Marxist classics, we see that there is a proposition that socialist countries are “semi-state.” This is a brilliant summary and vivid expression of the essence of socialist countries, which contains very profound and very rich scientific contents. However, what exactly is the “semi-state” and the scientific thesis of the classical Marxist writers have any guiding significance for the practice of socialist construction? Not all people who study social sciences are very clear about it. It has been more than 40 years for us to build a socialist country. But what is the nature and function of what a socialist country is and what is different from the characteristics and advantages of the general category of exploiting classes are yet to be fully understood. In such a situation, we can not but say that in theory we have something to do with not yet understanding what is a “semi-state.”