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本文以蛋白质含量不同的九个大豆品种配成六个杂交组合,对其F_2、F_3、F_4不同世代群体蛋白质含量与植株的形态性状、产量性状、各生育阶段的长短和脂肪含量的相关性进行了系统地研究,旨在为大豆高蛋白质育种杂交后代的间接选择提供理论依据。结果表明,六个组合的蛋白质含量与植株的形态性状和各生育阶段长短的相关数一般未达到显著水平,且相关性因组合和世代而异,不宜以这些性状作为蛋白质含量的间接选择性状。各组合于F_2、F_3和F_4三个世代,蛋白质含量与量及产量因素呈一致倾向的负相关,但相关程度不大。因此,高蛋白育种与高产育种有可能相结合,F_4代蛋白质含量与蛋白产量的正相关说明,在选择高蛋白质时并不总是伴随单位面积蛋白质产量的降低。由于蛋白质含量与脂肪含量之间为显著或极显著负相关,可用低脂肪含量作为高蛋白育种中对蛋白质进行选择的间接选择性状。
In this study, nine soybean cultivars with different protein contents were allocated to six crosses. The correlations between the protein content in different generations of F_2, F_3 and F_4, morphological traits, yield traits, length of each growth stage and fat content A systematic study aimed to provide a theoretical basis for the indirect selection of offspring of high protein breeding of soybean. The results showed that the correlations between the protein content of six combinations and plant morphological traits and the length of each growth stage generally did not reach significant levels, and the correlations varied with the combinations and generations. Therefore, these traits should not be used as indirect selection traits for protein content. Each combination of F_2, F_3 and F_4 three generations, protein content and yield and yield factors were consistent with the trend of negative correlation, but the degree of correlation is not. Therefore, high-protein breeding and high-yielding breeding may be combined. The positive correlation between the F 4 generation protein content and protein yield indicates that the reduction of protein yield per unit area is not always accompanied by high protein selection. Due to a significant or very significant negative correlation between protein content and fat content, low fat content can be used as an indirect selection trait for protein selection in high protein breeding.