病理学作为肿瘤的诊断方法,是目前肿瘤诊断学中最广泛应用和准确可靠的方法。常用的方法有细胞检查,活体组织检查等。有时为最终明确诊断及治疗效果,或为研究目的也应用尸体解剖检查。病理检查最后都要在显微镜下做出诊断。1原理与技术1.1活体组织检查(活检):(1)切除活检:为乳腺肿物确定病变性质最常用的方法。将整个可疑肿块全部剔除,并带有一定量的周围组织。将标本切开,观察可疑肿瘤部分。进行描述记录后,切除2～3mm厚之组织块。首先制做冰冻切片,同时印片。其余部分及其周围组织取数块制成石蜡切片。如送检标本很小(小于1cm)可整个包埋。同时留小块(1g以上)新鲜 Pathology as a tumor diagnostic method is currently the most widely used and accurate diagnostic method of cancer diagnosis. Common methods are cell test, biopsy and so on. Sometimes the final diagnosis and treatment to clear the effect, or for research purposes also applied autopsy. The final pathological examination should be made under the microscope. 1 Principles and Techniques 1.1 biopsy (biopsy) :( 1) biopsy: the most commonly used method to determine the nature of the lesion of the breast. The entire suspicious mass removed, and with a certain amount of surrounding tissue. Cut the specimen and observe the suspicious tumor part. After description of the record, the excision of 2 ~ 3mm thick tissue block. First make frozen sections, while printing. The remaining part of the organization and take a few blocks made of paraffin sections. If the test specimen is small (less than 1cm) can be buried. While leaving small pieces (1g above) fresh