利用RAPD技术对中国不同生态型的31个品种资源进行了遗传亲缘关系研究。从Sangon 120个引物中筛选出21个长度为10个碱基的随机引物对31个品种的基因组DNA进行扩增，共产生188条谱带，其中多态性谱带为170条（90.43%），31个品种具有丰富的多态性。品种间的遗传距离为0.219-0.708，并根据遗传距离利用UPGMA构建了品种亲缘关系树图。根据树图，当结合距离T2=0.24时，31个品种可分为三大类：第一大类包括云南、四川、贵州、广西的品种；第二大类包括广东所选用品种及福建的小叶乌龙品种；第三大类包括福建、浙江、安徽、江西、河南及湖南的品种。从DNA分子水平探讨了中国茶树品种的亲缘关系及分类。 RAPD technique was used to study the genetic relationship of 31 varieties of different ecotypes in China. Twenty-one random primers of 10 bases in length were screened from 120 primers of Sangon to amplify genomic DNA of 31 cultivars. A total of 188 bands were generated, of which 170 bands (90.43%) were polymorphic bands. , 31 varieties are rich in polymorphism. The genetic distance between cultivars was 0.219-0.708. Based on the genetic distance, UPGMA was used to construct the genetic map of species phylogenetic relationships. According to the tree diagram, when the combining distance T2 = 0.24, 31 varieties can be divided into three categories: the first category includes varieties of Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou and Guangxi; the second category includes varieties of Guangdong and Fujian The leaflet Oolong varieties; the third largest category includes Fujian, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Henan and Hunan varieties. The genetic relationship and classification of Chinese tea tree species were discussed from the molecular level of DNA.