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海南岛石碌铁矿是我国著名的富铁矿,但矿床成因长期存在争论。本文在显微镜研究基础上,运用扫描电镜手段,对铁矿中石英进行形态标型特征(如矿物晶形、贝壳状断口等)研究。以丰富的微观资料论证了铁矿中的石英绝大多数是胶体沉积变质成因的,有蛋白石→玉髓→石英的形成过程。同时,成矿时也很可能有一些火山成因石英斑晶或晶屑掺杂其中,而陆源碎屑石英少见,表明成矿期矿区周围不存在大片古陆。由此可见,密切共生的硅胶和铁胶均来源于海相火山活动。还发现了铁矿中玉髓的似生物结构,表明也有菌藻类生物参与成矿。因而为石碌铁矿海相火山(胶体)沉积变质成因说提供了新的科学依据。
Shilu Iron Mine in Hainan Island is China’s famous iron ore rich, but the origin of the deposit there is a long dispute. In this paper, based on the microscopic study, the use of scanning electron microscopy means the morphological characteristics of the quartz in iron ore (such as mineral crystal, shellfish fracture, etc.). The rich micro-data demonstrate that the vast majority of quartz in iron ore is the origin of colloidal deposition and metamorphism, with the formation process of opal → chalcedony → quartz. At the same time, mineralization is also likely to have some volcanic origin of quartz porphyritic or crystal doping which, and terrigenous detrital quartz rare, indicating that there is no large area around the ore-forming period of ancient land. This shows that the close symbiosis of silica gel and iron glue are derived from marine volcanic activity. Also found in iron ore chalcedony similar biological structure, indicating that there are also bacteria and algae organisms involved in mineralization. Thus providing a new scientific basis for the sedimentary metamorphism of the marine volcano (colloids) in Shilu Iron Mine.