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高温现已成为农作物生产不可忽视的环境因素,而花粉是农作物对高温最敏感的器官.本文从细胞学、生理学和分子生物学等方面对近年来国内外有关农作物花粉高温胁迫的研究进行了综述,以期为保持农作物在高温胁迫下的高生产力提供思路.高温对农作物花粉的细胞学影响表现在绒毡层粗糙型内质网排列方式改变、药隔维管束鞘细胞形状异常、花粉管高尔基体小泡产生减少等方面;生理学影响表现在Ca2+动态平衡无法及时恢复、生长调节物质含量改变以及糖代谢减慢等方面;分子生物学影响表现在热激蛋白诱导表达不足和其他花粉功能基因表达被抑制等方面.
High temperature has now become an environmental factor that can not be neglected in crop production, and pollen is the most sensitive plant organism to high temperature.This paper reviewed the researches on pollen high temperature stress at home and abroad in recent years from aspects of cytology, physiology and molecular biology , In order to provide ideas for maintaining high crop productivity under high temperature stress.The cytological effects of high temperature on crop pollen showed that the arrangement of rough endoplasmic reticulum of tapetum changed, The decrease of the production of vesicles and so on. The physiological effects are manifested in that the dynamic balance of Ca2 + can not be recovered in time, the content of growth-regulating substances is changed and the glucose metabolism is slowed down. The molecular biological effects are manifested in that the expression of heat shock protein is under-expressed and the expression of other pollen- Suppression and so on.