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目的 探讨旧电器拆解业对职业人群及普通居民健康影响。方法 在以拆解业为主的 F镇选择 6 0名拆解工人为接触组 ,6 0名普通居民为对照组 ,在以种植业为主的 T镇选择 6 0人为对照组 ,同时分别在两镇选择 8～ 14岁儿童30人 ,对所选人群均进行血常规、肝功能 (GPT、GOT、γ- GT和 AKP)、免疫功能 (唾液 SIg A、血清 Ig G、Ig M、Ig A)及外周血淋巴细胞微核检查。结果 两镇人群血常规指标 (血红蛋白、白细胞计数及分类、血小板 )均正常 ,F镇接触组和对照组血小板计数 (P<0 .0 1)和儿童白细胞计数 (P<0 .0 5 )均低于 T镇相应对照组 ;F镇接触组和对照组 AKP活性显著低于T镇对照组但未超过正常范围 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;F镇接触组和对照组唾液 SIg A水平及儿童血清 Ig G水平均显著低于 T镇相应对照组 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;F镇人群平均微核率 (1.77‰ )高于 Z省正常范围 (0～ 1.5‰ )。结论 旧电器拆解业对职业人群、普通居民及儿童部分血常规、肝功能和免疫功能指标及细胞遗传学改变造成影响 ,需加强这些人群的健康监测
Objective To explore the health effects of old electrical disassembly industry on occupational groups and ordinary residents. Methods Sixty workers were selected as the contact group and 60 ordinary residents as the control group in the town of F with disassembling industry as the control group. In the two towns, 30 children aged 8-14 years were enrolled in the study. Blood, liver function (GPT, GOT, γ-GT and AKP), immune function (salivary SIg A, serum Ig G, Ig M, Ig A ) And peripheral blood lymphocyte micronucleus test. Results The blood routine indexes (hemoglobin, white blood cell count and classification, platelets) in the two towns were all normal. The platelet count (P0.01) and the children’s white blood cell count (P0.05) in F town contact group and control group Lower than the corresponding control group T town; F town contact group and control group AKP activity was significantly lower than the T town control group but did not exceed the normal range (P <0 05); F town contact group and control group saliva SIg A level The level of serum Ig G in children was significantly lower than that in T town (P <0.05). The average rate of micronuclei in F town was 1.77 ‰ higher than that in Z province (0-1.5 ‰). Conclusion The old electrical disassembly industry affects the blood, liver and immune function indexes and cytogenetic changes of occupational groups, ordinary residents and children, and the health monitoring of these groups needs to be strengthened