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目的了解某露天铁矿厂主要噪声暴露工人的噪声暴露水平。方法测量对象包括此铁矿厂主要噪声暴露工人,使用25台个人声暴露计对每个噪声作业工种进行至少一个班次个体噪声暴露测量;计算每名工人40 h工作时间的等效连续A声级(LAeq.40 h),用SPSS13.0软件计算各工种平均噪声水平,绘制噪声时间曲线。结果整个矿山的噪声作业工人平均接触噪声水平为88.8 dB(A),除选矿作业区为稳态噪声,其余5个作业区为非稳态噪声。选矿作业区球磨工噪声水平最高,为92.8 dB(A),破碎作业区皮带工及检修作业区维修工噪声水平次之。穿爆、采矿及运输作业区3种司机噪声暴露水平最低,未超过国家标准85 dB(A)。与环境噪声测量结果比较,个体噪声暴露测量更准确。结论此铁矿厂选矿、破碎及检修作业区噪声水平超过国家标准,这些工人应重点加强个体噪声防护。
Objective To understand the noise exposure level of workers exposed to noise in an open-cast iron mine. Methods Measured objects included the major noise exposure workers at this iron ore factory using at least 25 personal sound exposure meters for each noise exposure at least one individual noise exposure measurement per shift; calculation of the equivalent continuous A-sound level for each worker for 40 hours of operation (LAeq.40 h). The average noise level of each type of work was calculated by SPSS13.0 software and the noise time curve was drawn. Results The average exposure noise level of noise workers in the whole mine was 88.8 dB (A). Except that the ore dressing area was steady-state noise, the other five areas were unsteady noise. The highest noise level of ball mill worker in dressing operation area was 92.8 dB (A). The noise level of maintenance worker in belt workman and maintenance work area in crushing work area was second. The noise exposure level of the three kinds of drivers wearing the blasting, mining and transport operations was the lowest, which did not exceed the national standard of 85 dB (A). Individual noise exposure measurements are more accurate than ambient noise measurements. Conclusion The noise level at the beneficiation, crushing and maintenance work area of this iron ore mill exceeds the national standard. These workers should focus on strengthening individual noise protection.