论文部分内容阅读
[目的]联合使用两种职业紧张理论评估某电子企业员工的职业紧张状况,并分析其影响因素。[方法]采用整群随机抽样方法,使用基于工作要求-自主模式(job demand-control model,JDC模式)和付出-回报失衡模式(effort-reward imbalance model,ERI模式)两种理论的中文版问卷对892名员工的职业紧张状况进行调查,并分析其影响因素。[结果]892名员工的JDC和ERI模式职业紧张检出率分别为48.5%和10.5%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示:婚姻状况、健康状况、月收入和教育程度是JDC模式职业紧张的主要影响因素;以已婚者为对照,未婚组的OR为1.66(P<0.01);以健康状况好组为对照,健康状况一般和较差组的OR值为2.25、3.09(P<0.01或0.05);以月收入≥4 000元为对照,<3 000元组的OR值为2.20(P<0.01);以初中及以下学历为对照,大学本科及以上学历组的OR值为2.20(P<0.05)。ERI模式职业紧张的主要影响因素是婚姻状况和健康状况;以已婚组为对照,未婚组的OR值为1.97(P<0.05);以健康状况好组为对照,健康状况较差组的OR值为6.16(P<0.01)。[结论]该电子企业员工职业紧张状况不佳,应关注重点员工的健康状况,定期举办心理健康知识宣传教育,促进员工的身心健康。
[Objective] To evaluate the occupational stress of employees in an electronic enterprise by combining two kinds of occupational stress theory and analyze the influencing factors. [Methods] A cluster random sampling method was used. The Chinese version of the questionnaire based on job demand-control model (JDC) and effort-reward imbalance model (ERI model) Investigate the occupational stress of 892 employees and analyze their influential factors. [Results] The occupational stress detection rates of JDC and ERI among 892 employees were 48.5% and 10.5% respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that: marital status, health status, monthly income and education level were the main influencing factors of occupational stress in JDC model; compared with married persons, the OR of unmarried group was 1.66 (P <0.01) (P <0.01 or 0.05). When the monthly income was more than 4000 yuan, the OR value of <3000 yuan group was 2.20 (P <0.01). The average OR of junior college and below was 2.20 (P <0.05). The main influencing factors of occupational stress in ERI model were marital status and health status. In married group, the OR of unmarried group was 1.97 (P <0.05). The OR of healthy group was lower than that of healthy group The value was 6.16 (P <0.01). [Conclusion] The employees of the electronic enterprise are not good at occupational stress. They should pay attention to the health status of the key employees, regularly organize publicity and education on mental health knowledge and promote their physical and mental health.