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目的探讨对孕妇进行婴幼儿预防接种知识教育的方法和效果。方法对行孕期保健和产前检查的孕妇就婴幼儿预防接种知识进行形式多样的健康教育。在教育前后采用自行设计的问卷评价其效果。结果教育后孕妇对预防接种的目的、一般常识、国家免疫规划疫苗的使用规定、预防接种反应及注意事项的知晓率显著提高(均P<0.01),但对国家免疫规划疫苗的免疫程序的知晓率仍然很低(P>0.05)。结论对孕妇开展婴幼儿预防接种知识教育是保证儿童全程接种,提高接种率、预防传染病的有效途径。建议在今后实施预防接种的过程中,为保证适龄儿童全程接种,实行预防接种预约制度或计划免疫保偿制度。
Objective To explore the methods and effects of knowledge education on infant immunization for pregnant women. Methods Prenatal care and prenatal care of pregnant women on infant immunization knowledge of various forms of health education. Before and after education using self-designed questionnaires to evaluate its effectiveness. Results After the education, the awareness of pregnant women about the purpose of immunization, general common sense, the regulations on the use of vaccines for national immunization programs, the vaccination responses and precautions were all significantly improved (all P <0.01), but the immunization program of the national immunization program was known The rate was still low (P> 0.05). Conclusion It is an effective way to carry out immunization of infants and young children in pregnant women to ensure full vaccination of children, increase vaccination rate and prevent infectious diseases. Proposed in the future implementation of vaccination in the process, in order to ensure that children of school-age coverage of vaccination, vaccination reservation system or plan immune protection system.