列夫·托尔斯泰不是历史学家,但他却有历史学家的眼光、卓识和责任。他认为“历史是国家和人类的传记。”历史必须表现国家和民族的真相。一个国家的兴衰,原因虽然复杂,但主要的、起决定作用的却是这个国家人民的觉醒程度,特别是这个国家民族精英们的精神状态。他把十九世纪初俄国全民族动员起来反抗拿破仑入侵战争的胜利,看作是俄国贵族的全盛时期,把表现这个父辈的模范时代作为自己义不容辞的义务,于是他创作了长篇历史小说《战争与和平》。在小说中,托尔斯泰深 Leo Tolstoy is not a historian, but he has the vision, awareness and responsibility of historians. He believes that “history is a biography of nations and humans.” History must show the truth of nations and nations. The reasons for the rise and fall of a country are complicated, but the major and decisive factor is the degree of awakening of the people in this country, especially the spiritual status of the national elites in this country. He regarded the victory of the entire nation of Russia in the early nineteenth century when he rebelled against Napoleon’s invasion of the war as the heyday of the aristocrats in Russia and regarded his exemplary exemplary age as his obligatory duty and thus he created a long historical novel entitled “ peace”. In the novel, Tolstoy is deep