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目的研究糖尿病性脑病与海马区细胞凋亡的关系以及银杏叶提取物(EGb)治疗的效果和机制。方法大鼠分为对照(NC)组、糖尿病性脑病(DM+B)组和EGb治疗(EGb)组,分1个月和3个月两个时间点。水迷宫实验观察行为学改变,免疫组化、RT-PCR检测Bc1-2和Bax蛋白及mRNA的表达,ELISA检测脑组织细胞凋亡的水平。结果 (1)DM+B_1组已出现学习、记忆功能障碍,DM+B_3组更加加重,EGb组则明显减轻。(2)DM+B_1、DM+B_3组Bc1-2表达较NC组增加,EGb_1、EGb_3组表达更强。(3)DM+B_1、DM+B_3组Bax表达较对照组明显增加,EGb_1、EGb_3组则明显减弱。(4)DM+B_1组脑组织细胞凋亡水平升高,DM+B_3组更加明显,治疗组则显著减轻。结论海马区细胞凋亡是糖尿病性脑病发病的重要因素,银杏叶提取物可能通过抑制细胞凋亡而对糖尿病性脑病有保护作用。
Objective To study the relationship between diabetic encephalopathy and apoptosis in hippocampus and the effect and mechanism of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb) treatment. Methods The rats were divided into control (NC) group, diabetic encephalopathy (DM + B) group and EGb treatment group (EGb) at two time points, one month and three months. Water maze test was used to observe the changes of behavior. Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression of Bcl-2 and Bax. The apoptosis of brain tissue was detected by ELISA. Results (1) DM + B_1 group had learning and memory dysfunction, DM + B_3 group was more aggravated, EGb group was significantly reduced. (2) The expression of Bc1-2 in DM + B_1, DM + B_3 group was higher than that in NC group, while EGb_1 and EGb_3 group were more expressed. (3) The expression of Bax in DM + B_1 and DM + B_3 groups was significantly higher than that in control group, while the levels in EGb_1 and EGb_3 groups were significantly decreased. (4) The level of apoptotic brain cells in DM + B_1 group increased significantly, the DM + B_3 group was more obvious, and the treatment group was significantly reduced. Conclusion Apoptosis in hippocampus is an important factor in the pathogenesis of diabetic encephalopathy. Ginkgo biloba extract may have protective effects on diabetic encephalopathy by inhibiting apoptosis.