论文部分内容阅读
[目的]探讨人造矿物纤维绝热棉不同职业接触特征对作业工人呼吸系统的影响。[方法]选择职业接触特征呈低纤维计数浓度、高总粉尘质量浓度的岩棉(含矿渣棉)企业的99名作业工人及低纤维计数浓度、低总粉尘质量浓度的玻璃棉企业的98名作业工人分别作为岩棉接触组和玻璃棉接触组,并分别选择141名和100名仅接触噪声的作业工人作为对照组,进行肺通气功能和鼻咽部检查。收集生产企业作业工人既往尘肺病、肺癌、恶性间皮瘤等发病资料。[结果]岩棉接触组限制性肺通气功能障碍检出率为28.3%,高于对照组(9.9%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且与岩棉接触工龄呈线性趋势关系(P<0.05)。玻璃棉接触组限制性肺通气功能障碍检出率为14.3%,与对照组(8.0%)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与玻璃棉接触工龄无线性趋势关系(P>0.05)。岩棉和玻璃棉接触组慢性鼻炎检出率均为7.1%,与各自对照组(2.8%和4.0%)差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。慢性咽炎检出率分别为31.3%和52.0%,高于各自对照组(5.7%和6.0%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);慢性咽炎的影响因素有岩棉或玻璃棉接触、吸烟等。收集到“矿岩棉尘肺”2例,未收集到肺癌、恶性间皮瘤等病例。[结论]接触人造矿物纤维绝热棉可导致以限制性通气功能障碍为主的肺通气功能损害,可能具有一定的致纤维化作用,接触总粉尘质量浓度高的岩棉对肺通气功能损害的效应较接触总粉尘质量浓度低的玻璃棉更为明显。
[Objective] The research aimed to discuss the influence of different occupation contact characteristics of man-made mineral fiber insulation cotton on the respiratory system of workers. [Method] Ninety-nine workers of rock wool (slag-bearing cotton) enterprises with low fiber count concentration and high total dust concentration and 98 low-fiber count glass wool producers with low total fiber concentration and low total dust concentration Workers as the rock wool contact group and the glass wool contact group, respectively, and were selected 141 and 100 were exposed to noise workers only as a control group, pulmonary ventilation and nasopharyngeal examination. Collection of production workers in the past workers pneumoconiosis, lung cancer, malignant mesothelioma and other incidence data. [Results] The detection rate of restrictive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in rockwool contact group was 28.3%, which was higher than that in control group (9.9%), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05) (P <0.05). The detection rate of restrictive pulmonary dysfunction in glass wool contact group was 14.3%, which was not significantly different from the control group (8.0%) (P> 0.05). There was no linear trend in contact length with glass wool (P> 0.05). The detection rate of chronic rhinitis in both rockwool and glass wool contact groups was 7.1%, which was not significantly different from the control group (2.8% and 4.0% respectively) (P> 0.05). The detection rates of chronic pharyngitis were 31.3% and 52.0% respectively, which were higher than those of the control group (5.7% and 6.0%, respectively) (P <0.05). The influencing factors of chronic pharyngitis were rock wool or glass wool , Smoking and so on. We collected 2 cases of “rock wool pneumoconiosis” and did not collect such cases as lung cancer and malignant mesothelioma. [Conclusion] Contact with artificial mineral fiber adiabatic cotton could lead to pulmonary ventilation dysfunction with restrictive ventilatory dysfunction as a possible cause of fibrosis. The effect of exposure to rock wool with high total dust concentration on pulmonary dysfunction More contact with the total concentration of low dust glass wool is more obvious.