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采用ＡＢＣ免疫组织化学方法，检测７２例原发性胃癌ｐ５３表达变化，探讨肿瘤抑制基因ｐ５３蛋白过度表达与胃癌生物学行为的关系。结果ｐ５３阳性染色率为５１．４％（３７／７２），其过度表达与肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移及肿瘤的分化程度呈正相关（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ｐ５３阳性肿瘤淋巴结转移率为８６．０％，ｐ５３阴性肿瘤的淋巴结转移率为６０％，前者明显高于后者（Ｐ＜０．０５）。进一步观察显示ｐ５３过度表达与胃癌的分化程度有明显的相关性，其在高、低分化胃癌中的表达率分别为３９％、７８％，两者差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结果表明ｐ５３在胃癌发生发展中可能起着重要的作用，检测ｐ５３可作为预后判断的有效指标。
ABC immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of p53 in 72 cases of primary gastric cancer and to explore the relationship between p53 gene over-expression of tumor suppressor gene and biological behavior of gastric cancer. Results The positive staining rate of p53 was 51.4% (37/72). The overexpression of p53 was positively correlated with the depth of tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis and tumor differentiation (P <0.05). The rate of lymph node metastasis was 86.0% in p53-positive tumors and 60% in p53-negative tumors, the former was significantly higher than the latter (P <0.05). Further observation showed that overexpression of p53 was significantly associated with the degree of differentiation of gastric cancer. The positive rates of p53 in high and poorly differentiated gastric cancer were 39% and 78%, respectively (P <0.05). The results show that p53 may play an important role in the development of gastric cancer. Detecting p53 may be an effective indicator of prognosis.