本文介绍并比较了拉美和非洲等典型发展中国家关于社会养老金、家庭现金救助、附加条件的现金救助等社会现金转移计划的政策实践。结论表明,有必要以提升受助者的长期消费能力为根本目标、以结构调整和工具创新为根本手段、以社会经济的发展实际和发展阶段为制度环境,推动新时期我国城乡社会保障体系的制度创新。 This article presents and compares the policy practices of social cash transfer programs such as social pensions, family cash relief, and conditional cash assistance in typical developing countries such as Latin America and Africa. The conclusion shows that it is necessary to enhance the long-term spending power of recipients as the fundamental goal, with structural adjustment and tool innovation as the basic means, with social and economic development and development stage as the institutional environment, to promote the urban and rural social security system in our country System Innovation.