报告了新疆南疆５个地区，２２个县市，７６３７名７～１４岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况和１４２份饮用水及８４２份儿童尿样氟含量检测结果。共检出２３６８例氟斑牙患者，患病率为３１．０１％，男女之间儿童氟斑牙患病率无显著差异。南疆地方性氟中毒以水源型为主。对含氟量调查表明，有３２．３９％的饮用水氟含量超标，其中以地下水含氟量较高。 This paper reports the prevalence of dental fluorosis in 7637 7 ~ 14-year-old children in 5 districts and 22 counties in southern Xinjiang, as well as the detection results of fluoride content in 142 drinking water and 842 children. A total of 2368 cases of dental fluorosis were detected, the prevalence was 31.01%. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of dental fluorosis between children and boys. Local fluorosis in southern Xinjiang to water-based. A survey of fluorine content showed that 32.39% of drinking water exceeded the fluorine content, of which groundwater had a higher fluorine content.