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目的了解马钢公司建厂以来尘肺发病情况,分析其发生发展规律,为指导今后尘肺病防治提供依据。方法回顾马钢公司52年(1958～2010年)来确诊的尘肺病患者的发病情况,将诊断时间、接尘工龄、病程、死亡时间等建立数据库并进行统计分析。结果马钢尘肺病年均检出率为0.70%,井下各工种占76.54%,平均接尘工龄16.95年,矿山凿岩工接尘工龄最短为13.59年,平均发病年龄为49.97岁,平均发病年龄随诊断年份的推移逐渐增大的趋势;合并结核发生率为27.30%。结论贯彻防尘“八字”方针,降低作业场所粉尘浓度,加强作业环境监测和接尘人员的健康监护,是减少尘肺病发病的关键。
Objective To understand the incidence of pneumoconiosis in Masteel since its establishment, and to analyze the occurrence and development of pneumoconiosis in order to provide guidance for the future prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis. Methods The incidence of pneumoconiosis diagnosed by Masteel Company for 52 years (1958 ~ 2010) was retrospectively analyzed. The time of diagnosis, the length of service, the duration of disease and the time of death were established and statistically analyzed. Results The annual average detection rate of Masteel pneumoconiosis was 0.70%, and 76.54% of all types of work under the mines were found. The average dusting service was 16.95 years. The shortest service life of miners was 13.59 years. The average age of onset was 49.97 years. The average age of onset With the diagnosis of the gradual increase in the trend of the year; the incidence of tuberculosis 27.30%. Conclusions The key to reducing the incidence of pneumoconiosis is to carry out the principle of dust-proofing and “character”, reduce the concentration of dust in the workplace, and strengthen the monitoring of the working environment and the health monitoring of those who take the dust.