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目的 :观察及定量分析急、慢性缺氧后大鼠脑线粒体形态变化。方法 :动物分别在低压舱内模拟 40 0 0m高原连续缺氧 3天和 40天后 ,取大脑皮质组织 ,作超薄切片后透射电镜观察 ,图像经计算机扫描后做生物体视学测量。结果 :急性缺氧线粒体体积增大 ,部分出现嵴紊乱、嵴肿胀 ,线粒体平均直径、截面积增大 ,比表面积减小 (P <0 .0 5 )。慢性缺氧后线粒体形态及体积密度与面数密度未见显著变化 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,与急性缺氧组比较 ,线粒体平均直径、截面积减少 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :急性缺氧时线粒体以出现肿胀等形态损伤为主要特征 ,而慢性缺氧可使这种形态损伤得到恢复 ,同时没有观察到脑皮质线粒体数目有显著改变。
Objective: To observe and quantitatively analyze the changes of mitochondria of rat brain after acute and chronic hypoxia. Methods: The animals were subjected to continuous hypoxia for 3 days and 40 days respectively in the low pressure cabin to simulate the 40 000 m plateau. The cerebral cortex tissues were taken for ultrathin section and then examined by transmission electron microscopy. The images were scanned by computer to make biological measurements. Results: The volume of acute hypoxia mitochondria increased, some of them showed ridges disorder, swollen cristae, average mitochondrial diameter, cross-sectional area and specific surface area decreased (P <0.05). There was no significant change in mitochondria morphology, bulk density and number density after chronic hypoxia (P> 0.05). Compared with acute hypoxia group, mitochondria average diameter and cross-sectional area decreased (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Mitochondria are characterized by appearance of swelling and other morphological changes during acute hypoxia, whereas chronic hypoxia can restore this morphological damage. At the same time, there is no significant change in the number of mitochondria in cerebral cortex.