分析引起地面沉降的人为因素和自然因素,综述抽取地下水、开采石油和水溶性气体及建筑荷载诱发地面沉降的三种机制。介绍全球定位系统、地下水位自动监测、合成孔径雷达干涉测量、分层标与自动监测四种地面沉降监测技术的特点、发展及应用。概述地面沉降预测和灾害损失评估研究及其治理进展的状况。 The human and natural factors that cause land subsidence are analyzed. Three mechanisms for extracting groundwater, extracting oil and water - soluble gases, and inducing ground subsidence caused by building loads are summarized. This paper introduces the characteristics, development and application of four kinds of ground subsidence monitoring technologies such as global positioning system, automatic monitoring of groundwater level, synthetic aperture radar interferometry, stratified marking and automatic monitoring. Summarize the research on land subsidence prediction and disaster loss assessment and its progress in governance.