论文部分内容阅读
国家监察体制改革是一项重大的政治改革,它需要中国宪法学的有效回应。这也引发了我们回顾和反思中国宪法学的研究思路。站在宪法工程的角度审视,中国宪法学回答的问题正是国家监察机关如何设计、如何运作以及如何实现其目标。审慎考虑监察委员会命名或许更符合宪法的民主本质,这也涉及我们要建立何种宪制权力架构。修宪是确保监察机关合法性与正当性的正确途径,但有大修、小修和中修的不同模式选择。目前看来,中修最为恰当。国家监察机关的重新设计需要解决传统纪委反腐体制存在的问题,其中尤为关键的是平衡好人权保障与反腐效率的目标。如何正确理解监察机关与党的关系,良好建构监察机关与人大及其常委会、司法机关的关系,是理解社会主义民主制度的重要内容。对此,中国宪法学应当面向现实,加强对民主体制的设计、运行和保障的研究,不能局限于形式主义,更不能落入狭义的文本主义的窠臼之中。
The reform of the state supervisory system is a major political reform that requires the effective response of the Chinese constitutional law. This also led us to review and reflect on the research ideas of China’s constitutional law. From the perspective of constitutional engineering, the questions the Chinese constitutional law answers are exactly how national supervisory authorities design, operate and how to achieve their goals. Careful consideration of the commission’s nomenclature may be more in line with the democratic nature of the constitution, and it also refers to the constitutional power structure that we want to establish. Amending the constitution is the correct way to ensure the legitimacy and legitimacy of the supervisory authority, but there are different modes of choice for overhaul, minor and middlemen. At present it seems that the most appropriate repair. The redesign of the state supervisory authority needs to address the existing problems of the anti-corruption system of the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Discipline Inspection Commission, of which the key is to strike a balance between the goal of ensuring human rights protection and anti-corruption efficiency. How to properly understand the relationship between the supervisory organ and the party and how to properly construct the relationship between the supervisory organ, the NPC, its standing committee and the judiciary is an important part of understanding the socialist democratic system. In this regard, China’s constitutional law should face the reality and to strengthen the study on the design, operation and guarantee of the democratic system should not be limited to formalism, nor can it fall into the narrow text of the narrow sense of the text.