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从家蚕中分离到对α-葡萄糖苷酶具有较强抑制活性的物质SCS,该α-葡萄糖苷酶具有促进多糖转化为容易吸收的单糖的作用。采用水浸提和离子交换树脂交替层析等方法,从冻干的全蚕粉中获得SCS,得率为2.7%。SCS对热稳定性好(37～100℃),pH适应范围广(5.0～9.0)。SCS对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用与“拜糖平”的抑制效果没有显著差异;其性质属竞争性抑制,不同与其它主要的α-糖苷酶抑制剂。另外,口服“拜糖平”(1.5g/kg)和SCS(1.5g/kg)都能显著地降低因四氧嘧啶诱导的高血糖小鼠的血糖值。研究结果表明,SCS通过抑制小肠中碳水化合物的吸收,起到降血糖作用,可开发应用于减轻非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病人的痛苦。
From the silkworm, a substance SCS having a strong inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase was isolated, and this α-glucosidase has the effect of promoting the conversion of polysaccharides into easily absorbed monosaccharides. SCS was obtained from the lyophilized silkworm powder using water extraction and ion exchange resin alternate chromatography, and the yield was 2.7%. SCS has a good thermal stability (37 to 100°C) and a wide pH range (5.0 to 9.0). The inhibitory effect of SCS on α-glucosidase was not significantly different from that of “Beitangping”; its properties were competitively inhibited, unlike other major α-glucosidase inhibitors. In addition, oral administration of “Beishuping” (1.5g/kg) and SCS (1.5g/kg) both significantly reduced blood glucose levels in alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice. The results of the study indicate that SCS acts as a hypoglycemic agent by inhibiting the absorption of carbohydrates in the small intestine and can be used to reduce the suffering of people with non-insulin-dependent diabetes.