引言细菌产生的β-内酰胺酶通过水解β-内酰胺键使β-内酰胺抗生素失活.Fleming发现了青霉素,同时也提供了鉴定β-内酰胺酶所需要的β-内酰胺底物.后来,Abraham和Chain证明,一些细菌(埃希氏菌属杆菌)产生的酶能够“破坏青霉素的抑制生长性质”.青霉素的结构被确定之后,Abraham证实了灭活作用是酶催化β-内酰胺键水解生成青霉酸的结果(图1). Introduction Bacterially produced β-lactamase inactivates β-lactam antibiotics by hydrolysis of β-lactam bonds, Fleming discovered penicillin, and also provided a β-lactam substrate needed to identify β-lactamases. Later, Abraham and Chain demonstrated that some bacteria (Escherichia coli) produce enzymes that “destroy the growth-inhibiting properties of penicillin.” After the structure of penicillin was determined, Abraham demonstrated that inactivation was catalyzed by the enzyme beta- Lactam bond hydrolysis results penicillanic acid (Figure 1).