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社区作为城市结构的基本单位,开始受到各国学者的关注。其中,对“社区发展”的研究更是方兴未艾。 “社区发展”研究包括两方面的内容:一是探讨社区如何通过一系列有计划的引导,发动社区力量促进社区进步,这是社会学研究的视角;二是归纳社区类型变迁的规律,这是历史学研究的视角。 我国学术界对西方城市社区发展规律的研究尚属起步阶段,鲜有论述,有鉴于此,笔者欲以墨尔本的社区发展为考察对象,从历史学的角度,探讨西方城市各类社区的产生原因及运行机制,以期得出某些具有规律性的认识,深化史学研究的内涵。
As the basic unit of urban structure, the community began to receive the attention of scholars from all over the world. Among them, the study of “community development” is even more in the ascendant. The study of “community development” includes two aspects: First, it explores how the community can promote community progress through a series of planned guidance and mobilizing community forces. This is the perspective of sociological research. The second is to summarize the law of community type change, which is Historical Perspectives. In our country, academic research on the law of community development in western cities is still in its infancy and seldom discusses. In view of this, I want to take Melbourne’s community development as the object of study and to explore the causes of various types of communities in western cities from the perspective of history And operating mechanism, with a view to come to some regular understanding, deepen the historical research.