This study was aimed to examine the effect of ovariectomy on visceral fat, serum adiponectin levels and lipid profile. Forty-five female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups(n=15 each): ovariectomized group(OVX), ovariectomized plus estrogen-treated group(OVX+E2), and sham-operated group(SHAM). Body weight, abdominal adipose tissues, serum adiponectin and lipid profile were measured and compared among the groups after three-month feeding post-surgery. Significant increases in body weight and visceral fat were found in ovariectomized rats when compared with sham-operated ones and significant increases were also observed in serum adiponectin, triglyceride and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in ovariectomized rats. Body weight, visceral fat and serum adiponectin levels were profoundly reduced in OVX+E2 group as compared with OVX group. It was concluded that ovarian hormone deficiency induced by ovariectomy leads to significant increases in body weight and visceral fat, along with increased serum adiponectin, triglyceride and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in rats. Attenuation in these changes can be achieved by estrogen supplementation. This study was aimed to examine the effect of ovariectomy on visceral fat, serum adiponectin levels and lipid profile. Forty-five female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups (n = 15 each): ovariectomized group (OVX), ovariectomized plus estrogen- treated group (OVX + E2), and sham-operated group (SHAM). Body weight, abdominal adipose tissues, serum adiponectin and lipid profile were measured and compared among the groups after three-month feeding post-surgery. and visceral fat were found in ovariectomized rats when compared with sham-operated ones and significant increases were also observed in serum adiponectin, triglyceride and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in ovariectomized rats. Body weight, visceral fat and serum adiponectin levels were profoundly reduced in OVX + E2 group as compared with OVX group. It was concluded that ovarian hormone deficiency induced by ovariectomy leads to significant increases in body weight and vis ceral fat, along with increased serum adiponectin, triglyceride and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in rats. Attenuation in these changes can be achieved by estrogen supplementation.