先秦时贵族有姓有名,而平民只有名,没有姓。汉代以后,平民方才具有姓的权利。先秦有的平民用的是单名,不便于称呼,就往往在名前加上他的特长。比如春秋时秦国有两位名医,一个叫缓,一个叫和,就分别称为医缓、医和。又如擅长制作车轮的轮扁、精通棋艺的弈秋、能歌善舞的优孟、烹 Pre-Qin nobility surname famous, but civilians only name, no surname. After the Han Dynasty, civilians just had the surname of the right. Some civilians in the pre-Qin period used a single name, which was inconvenient to call it. For example, during the Spring and Autumn Period, there were two famous doctors in Qin State. One was called Jiao, and the other was called Jiao Yang. Another example is good at making wheel wheels flat, master chess Qi Yi, can sing and dance Ugo, cooking