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每一个生物个体,有许多进化上非常重要的性状,如身体大小、生长速度、抗病能力等,在遗传学中被称为数量性状。数量性状往往与生产性能的经济价值相联系,因而一直是动物育种学家关注和倾心研究的热点。数量性状的研究,通常是借助各种遗传标记,运用统计学方法,将影响数量性状的多个基因剖分开,使其定位于特定的染色体上,最终分析出其DNA序列。在此基础上,还可进一步利用标记与数量性状位点(quantitative trait locus,QTL)间的连锁关系对数量性状进行遗传操作。
Each biological entity has many evolutionarily important traits such as body size, growth rate, disease resistance, etc., which are called quantitative traits in genetics. Quantitative traits are often associated with the economic value of productive performance, and therefore have been the focus of attention and devoted research by animal breeders. Quantitative trait research, usually using a variety of genetic markers, the use of statistical methods, will affect the number of traits of multiple genes dissection, so that it is located on a specific chromosome, the final analysis of its DNA sequence. On this basis, we can further utilize the linkage between the marker and the quantitative trait locus (QTL) for genetic manipulation of quantitative traits.